Formerly known as Pseudotumor Cerebri

Surgical removal of an opacified crystalline lens via small-incision phacoemulsification and implantation of an intraocular lens (IOL) into the capsular bag. CataractsCataracts are the opacification of the lens, a natural component that helps focus light in your eyes. While normally transparent, there are many ways for a lens to become

ERM: Fibrocellular proliferation on the inner retinal surface (ILM) causing macular pucker, thickening, and distortion. Indications for surgery: Symptomatic metamorphopsia, decreased VA (e.g., ≤20/40–20/60), tractional distortion on OCT. Surgical Approach (Often with PPV) 1. 25/27-g PPV 2. Stain with Brilliant Blue G (BBG) ± ICG (use

What is RD * Rhegmatogenous RD: Separation of neurosensory retina from the RPE due to a full-thickness retinal break that allows liquefied vitreous to enter the subretinal space. * Risk factors: lattice degeneration, PVD with traction, high myopia, prior surgery/trauma, aphakia/pseudophakia. * Exudative RD: Subretinal fluid from choroidal/retinal vascular leakage

* TimRoot.com - great, fast explanations * OCT - https://www.octcases.com/ * Eyeguru.org * AAO BCSC Summary PDFs * OCT Atlas * Surgery videos * YouTube: Alcon Retina Today * Eyetube.net

The lamina cribrosa is a sieve-like structure in the posterior sclera where retinal ganglion cell (RGC) axons and central retinal vessels exit the eye. It is supported by connective tissue beams and has pores through which axons and blood vessels supplying the optic nerve head pass. This preserves a pressure

Glaucoma is often referred to as the “silent thief of sight” and for good reason. It’s one of the leading causes of irreversible blindness worldwide, and yet many people don’t know they have it until it's too late. Understanding what glaucoma is, what causes it, and

Keratoconus is a progressive eye condition that affects the cornea, the clear, dome-shaped front surface of the eye. Instead of maintaining its normal round shape, the cornea gradually thins and bulges outward into a cone-like shape. This structural change leads to typical symptoms, including blurred or distorted vision, increased sensitivity

Corneal Cross-Linking (CXL) is a minimally invasive outpatient procedure used to halt the progression of keratoconus and other forms of corneal ectasia, including post-LASIK ectasia (post ectopic ectasia). This innovative treatment works by strengthening the cornea through the formation of new chemical bonds between collagen fibers, which stabilizes the corneal

After removing a lens during cataract surgery, an artificial lens called an intraocular lens (IOL) is placed to help patients maintain their vision. Since an artificial lens isn't an exact replica of the natural lens, certain tradeoffs must be considered when choosing the best option for each patient.

Cataracts are the opacification of the lens, a natural component that helps focus light in your eyes. While normally transparent, there are many ways for a lens to become opaque, affecting vision and quality of life. The Lens: Structure and Function The lens is a transparent, biconvex, avascular structure in

Understanding the evidence behind diabetic retinopathy treatment decisions is crucial for providing optimal patient care. Three landmark clinical trials published by the Diabetic Retinopathy Clinical Research Network, Protocols S, T, and V, have fundamentally shaped how we approach diabetic retinopathy and diabetic macular edema (DME) treatment today. Protocol S: Revolutionizing

What is Diabetic Retinopathy? Diabetic retinopathy is a serious complication of diabetes that affects the retina: the light-sensitive tissue at the back of the eye. This condition develops when prolonged high blood sugar levels (hyperglycemia) damage the tiny blood vessels in the retina, leading to fluid accumulation in the retinal